Constitution of India

THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY

Article 1 — Name and territory of the Union

(1) India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.

(2) The States and the territories thereof shall be as specified in the First Schedule.

(3) The territory of India shall comprise —

(a) the territories of the States;

(b) the Union territories specified in the First Schedule; and

(c) such other territories as may be acquired.

Browse all 464 articles
  1. 1.Name and territory of the Union
  2. 2.Admission or establishment of new States
  3. 3.Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States
  4. 4.Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters
  5. 5.Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution
  6. 6.Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan
  7. 7.Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan
  8. 8.Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India
  9. 9.Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens
  10. 10.Continuance of the rights of citizenship
  11. 11.Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law
  12. 12.Definitions
  13. 13.Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
  14. 14.Equality before law
  15. 15.Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
  16. 16.Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
  17. 17.Abolition of Untouchability
  18. 18.Abolition of titles
  19. 19.Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc
  20. 20.Protection in respect of conviction for offences
  21. 21.Protection of life and personal liberty
  22. 21A.Right to education
  23. 22.Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases
  24. 23.Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour
  25. 24.Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc
  26. 25.Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion
  27. 26.Freedom to manage religious affairs
  28. 27.Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion
  29. 28.Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions
  30. 29.Protection of interests of minorities
  31. 30.Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
  32. 31.Compulsory acquisition of property
  33. 31A.Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc
  34. 31B.Validation of certain Acts and Regulations
  35. 31C.Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles
  36. 31D.Saving of laws in respect of anti-national activities
  37. 32.Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part
  38. 32A.Constitutional validity of State laws not to be considered in proceedings under article 32
  39. 33.Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc
  40. 34.Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area
  41. 35.Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part
  42. 36.Definition
  43. 37.Application of the principles contained in this Part
  44. 38.State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people
  45. 39.Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State
  46. 39A.Equal justice and free legal aid
  47. 40.Organisation of village panchayats
  48. 41.Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases
  49. 42.Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief
  50. 43.Living wage, etc, for workers
  51. 43A.Participation of workers in management of industries
  52. 44.Uniform civil code for the citizens
  53. 45.Provision for free and compulsory education for children
  54. 46.Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections
  55. 47.Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health
  56. 48.Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry
  57. 48A.Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life
  58. 49.Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance
  59. 50.Separation of judiciary from executive
  60. 51.Promotion of international peace and security
  61. 51A.Fundamental duties
  62. 52.The President of India
  63. 53.Executive power of the Union
  64. 54.Election of President
  65. 55.Manner of election of President
  66. 56.Term of office of President
  67. 57.Eligibility for re-election
  68. 58.Qualifications for election as President
  69. 59.Conditions of President's office
  70. 60.Oath or affirmation by the President
  71. 61.Procedure for impeachment of the President
  72. 62.Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy
  73. 63.The Vice-President of India
  74. 64.The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States
  75. 65.The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President
  76. 66.Election of Vice - President
  77. 67.Term of office of Vice-President
  78. 68.Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy
  79. 69.Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President
  80. 70.Discharge of President's functions in other contingencies
  81. 71.Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President
  82. 72.Power of President to grant pardons, etc, and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases
  83. 73.Extent of executive power of the Union
  84. 74.Council of Ministers to aid and advise President
  85. 75.Other provisions as to Ministers
  86. 76.Attorney-General for India
  87. 77.Conduct of business of the Government of India
  88. 78.Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc
  89. 79.Constitution of Parliament
  90. 80.Composition of the Council of States
  91. 81.Composition of the House of the People
  92. 82.Readjustment after each census
  93. 83.Duration of Houses of Parliament
  94. 84.Qualification for membership of Parliament
  95. 85.Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution
  96. 86.Right of President to address and send messages to Houses
  97. 87.Special address by the President
  98. 88.Rights of Ministers and Attorney General as respects Houses
  99. 89.The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States
  100. 90.Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman
  101. 91.Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman
  102. 92.The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration
  103. 93.The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People
  104. 94.Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker
  105. 95.Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker
  106. 96.The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration
  107. 97.Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker
  108. 98.Secretariat of Parliament
  109. 99.Oath or affirmation by members
  110. 100.Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum
  111. 101.Vacation of seats
  112. 102.Disqualifications for membership
  113. 103.Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members
  114. 104.Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified
  115. 105.Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof
  116. 106.Salaries and allowances of members
  117. 107.Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills
  118. 108.Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases
  119. 109.Special procedure in respect of Money Bills
  120. 110.Definition of “Money Bills”
  121. 111.Assent to Bills
  122. 112.Annual financial statement
  123. 113.Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates
  124. 114.Appropriation Bills
  125. 115.Supplementary, additional or excess grants
  126. 116.Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants
  127. 117.Special provisions as to financial Bills
  128. 118.Rules of procedure
  129. 119.Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business
  130. 120.Language to be used in Parliament
  131. 121.Restriction on discussion in Parliament
  132. 122.Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament
  133. 123.Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament
  134. 124.Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court
  135. 125.Salaries, etc, of Judges
  136. 126.Appointment of acting Chief Justice
  137. 127.Appointment of ad hoc Judges
  138. 128.Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court
  139. 129.Supreme Court to be a court of record
  140. 130.Seat of Supreme Court
  141. 131.Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
  142. 132.Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases
  143. 133.Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters
  144. 134.Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters
  145. 134A.Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court
  146. 135.Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court
  147. 136.Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court
  148. 137.Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court
  149. 138.Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
  150. 139.Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs
  151. 139A.Transfer of certain cases
  152. 140.Ancillary powers of Supreme Court
  153. 141.Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts
  154. 142.Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc
  155. 143.Power of President to consult Supreme Court
  156. 144.Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court
  157. 145.Rules of Court, etc
  158. 146.Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court
  159. 147.Interpretation
  160. 148.Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
  161. 149.Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General
  162. 150.Form of accounts of the Union and of the States
  163. 151.Audit reports
  164. 152.Definition
  165. 153.Governors of States
  166. 154.Executive power of State
  167. 155.Appointment of Governor
  168. 156.Term of office of Governor
  169. 157.Qualifications for appointment as Governor
  170. 158.Conditions of Governor's office
  171. 159.Oath or affirmation by the Governor
  172. 160.Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies
  173. 161.Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc, and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases
  174. 162.Extent of executive power of State
  175. 163.Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor
  176. 164.Other provisions as to Ministers
  177. 165.Advocate-General for the State
  178. 166.Conduct of business of the Government of a State
  179. 167.Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc
  180. 168.Constitution of Legislatures in States
  181. 169.Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States
  182. 170.Composition of the Legislative Assemblies
  183. 171.Composition of the Legislative Councils
  184. 172.Duration of State Legislatures
  185. 173.Qualification for membership of the State Legislature
  186. 174.Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution
  187. 175.Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses
  188. 176.Special address by the Governor
  189. 177.Rights of Ministers and Advocate General as respects the Houses
  190. 178.The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly
  191. 179.Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker
  192. 180.Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker
  193. 181.The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration
  194. 182.The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council
  195. 183.Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy Chairman
  196. 184.Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman
  197. 185.The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration
  198. 186.Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy Chairman
  199. 187.Secretariat of State Legislature
  200. 188.Oath or affirmation by members
  201. 189.Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum
  202. 190.Vacation of seats
  203. 191.Disqualifications for membership
  204. 192.Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members
  205. 193.Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 or when not qualified or when disqualified
  206. 194.Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof
  207. 195.Salaries and allowances of members
  208. 196.Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills
  209. 197.Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills
  210. 198.Special procedure in respect of Money Bills
  211. 199.Definition of “Money Bills”
  212. 200.Assent to Bills
  213. 201.Bills reserved for consideration
  214. 202.Annual financial statement
  215. 203.Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates
  216. 204.Appropriation Bills
  217. 205.Supplementary, additional or excess grants
  218. 206.Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants
  219. 207.Special provisions as to financial Bills
  220. 208.Rules of procedure
  221. 209.Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State in relation to financial business
  222. 210.Language to be used in the Legislature
  223. 211.Restriction on discussion in the Legislature
  224. 212.Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature
  225. 213.Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature
  226. 214.High Courts for States
  227. 215.High Courts to be courts of record
  228. 216.Constitution of High Courts
  229. 217.Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court
  230. 218.Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts
  231. 219.Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts
  232. 220.Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge
  233. 221.Salaries, etc, of Judges
  234. 222.Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another
  235. 223.Appointment of acting Chief Justice
  236. 224.Appointment of additional and acting Judges
  237. 224A.Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts
  238. 225.Jurisdiction of existing High Courts
  239. 226.Power of High Courts to issue certain writs
  240. 227.Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court
  241. 228.Transfer of certain cases to High Court
  242. 229.Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts
  243. 230.Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories
  244. 231.Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States
  245. 233.Appointment of district judges
  246. 233A.Validation of appointments of, and judgments, etc, delivered by, certain district judges
  247. 234.Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial service
  248. 235.Control over subordinate courts
  249. 236.Interpretation
  250. 237.Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class or classes of magistrates
  251. 238.Application of provisions of Part VI to States in Part B of the First Schedule
  252. 239.Administration of Union territories
  253. 239 A A.Special provisions with respect to Delhi
  254. 239A.Creation of local Legislatures or Council of Ministers or both for certain Union territories
  255. 239AB.Provision in case of failure of constitutional machinery
  256. 239B.Power of administrator to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature
  257. 240.Power of President to make regulations for certain Union territories
  258. 241.High Courts for Union territories
  259. 243.Definitions
  260. 243A.Gram Sabha
  261. 243B.Constitution of Panchayats
  262. 243C.Composition of Panchayats
  263. 243D.Reservation of seats
  264. 243E.Duration of Panchayats, etc
  265. 243F.Disqualifications for membership
  266. 243G.Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats
  267. 243H.Powers to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Panchayats
  268. 243I.Constitution of Finance Commission to review financial position
  269. 243J.Audit of accounts of Panchayats
  270. 243K.Elections to the Panchayats
  271. 243L.Application to Union territories
  272. 243M.Part not to apply to certain areas
  273. 243N.Continuance of existing laws and Panchayats
  274. 243O.Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters
  275. 243P.Definitions
  276. 243Q.Constitution of Municipalities
  277. 243R.Composition of Municipalities
  278. 243S.Constitution and composition of Wards Committees, etc
  279. 243T.Reservation of seats
  280. 243U.Duration of Municipalities, etc
  281. 243V.Disqualifications for membership
  282. 243W.Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities, etc
  283. 243X.Power to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities
  284. 243Y.Finance Commission
  285. 243Z.Audit of accounts of Municipalities
  286. 243ZA.Elections to the Municipalities
  287. 243ZB.Application to Union territories
  288. 243ZC.Part not to apply to certain areas
  289. 243ZD.Committee for district planning
  290. 243ZE.Committee for Metropolitan planning
  291. 243ZF.Continuance of existing laws and Municipalities
  292. 243ZG.Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters
  293. 243ZH.Definitions
  294. 243ZI.Incorporation of co-operative societies
  295. 243ZJ.Number and term of members of board and its office bearers
  296. 243ZK.Election of members of board
  297. 243ZL.Supersession and suspension of board and interim management
  298. 243ZM.Audit of accounts of co-operative societies
  299. 243ZN.Convening of general body meetings
  300. 243ZO.Right of a member to get information
  301. 243ZP.Returns
  302. 243ZQ.Offences and Penalties
  303. 243ZR.Application to multi-State co-operative societies
  304. 243ZS.Application to Union territories
  305. 243ZT.Continuance of existing laws
  306. 244.Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas
  307. 244A.Formation of an autonomous State comprising certain tribal areas in Assam and creation of local Legislature or Council of Ministers or both therefor
  308. 245.Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
  309. 246.Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
  310. 246A.Special provision with respect to goods and services tax
  311. 247.Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts
  312. 248.Residuary powers of legislation
  313. 249.Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest
  314. 250.Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation
  315. 251.Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States
  316. 252.Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by
  317. 253.Legislation for giving effect to international agreements
  318. 254.Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States
  319. 255.Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only
  320. 256.Obligation of States and the Union
  321. 257.Control of the Union over States in certain cases
  322. 258.Power of the Union to confer powers, etc, on States in certain cases
  323. 258A.Power of the States to entrust functions to the Union
  324. 260.Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India
  325. 261.Public acts, records and judicial proceedings
  326. 262.Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of interState rivers or river valleys
  327. 263.Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council
  328. 264.Interpretation
  329. 265.Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law
  330. 266.Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States
  331. 267.Contingency Fund
  332. 268.Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States
  333. 268A.Service tax levied by Union and collected and appropriated by the Union and the States
  334. 269.Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States
  335. 269A.Levy and collection of goods and services tax in course of inter-State trade or commerce
  336. 270.Taxes levied and distributed between the Union and the States
  337. 271.Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union
  338. 273.Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products
  339. 274.Prior recommendation of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested
  340. 275.Grants from the Union to certain States
  341. 276.Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments
  342. 277.Savings
  343. 279.Calculation of “net proceeds”, etc
  344. 280.Finance Commission
  345. 281.Recommendations of the Finance Commission
  346. 282.Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues
  347. 283.Custody, etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts
  348. 284.Custody of suitors’ deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts
  349. 285.Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation
  350. 286.Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods
  351. 287.Exemption from taxes on electricity
  352. 288.Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases
  353. 289.Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation
  354. 290.Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions
  355. 290A.Annual payment to certain Devaswom Funds
  356. 292.Borrowing by the Government of India
  357. 293.Borrowing by States
  358. 294.Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases
  359. 295.Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in other cases
  360. 296.Property accruing by escheat or lapse or as bona vacantia
  361. 297.Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of the exclusive economic zone to vest in the Union
  362. 298.Power to carry on trade, etc
  363. 299.Contracts
  364. 300.Suits and proceedings
  365. 300A.Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law
  366. 301.Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse
  367. 302.Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse
  368. 303.Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce
  369. 304.Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States
  370. 305.Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies
  371. 307.Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304
  372. 308.Interpretation
  373. 309.Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State
  374. 310.Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State
  375. 311.Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State
  376. 312.All-India services
  377. 312A.Power of Parliament to vary or revoke conditions of service of officers of certain services
  378. 313.Transitional provisions
  379. 315.Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States
  380. 316.Appointment and term of office of members
  381. 317.Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission
  382. 318.Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission
  383. 319.Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members
  384. 321.Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions
  385. 322.Expenses of Public Service Commissions
  386. 323.Reports of Public Service Commissions
  387. 323A.Administrative tribunals
  388. 323B.Tribunals for other matters
  389. 324.Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission
  390. 325.No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex
  391. 326.Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage
  392. 327.Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures
  393. 328.Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature
  394. 329.Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters
  395. 330.Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People
  396. 331.Representation of the Anglo-Indian Community in the House of the People
  397. 332.Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States
  398. 333.Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Legislative Assemblies of the States
  399. 334.Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after certain period
  400. 335.Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts
  401. 336.Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services
  402. 337.Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of Anglo-Indian community
  403. 338.National Commission for Scheduled Castes
  404. 338A.National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
  405. 339.Control of the Union over the administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes
  406. 340.Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes
  407. 341.Scheduled Castes
  408. 342.Scheduled Tribes
  409. 343.Official language of the Union
  410. 344.Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language
  411. 345.Official language or languages of a State
  412. 346.Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union
  413. 347.Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State
  414. 348.Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, etc
  415. 349.Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language
  416. 350.Language to be used in representations for redress of grievances
  417. 350A.Facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage
  418. 350B.Special Officer for linguistic minorities
  419. 351.Directive for development of the Hindi language
  420. 352.Proclamation of Emergency
  421. 353.Effect of Proclamation of Emergency
  422. 354.Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation
  423. 355.Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance
  424. 356.Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States
  425. 357.Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356
  426. 358.Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies
  427. 359.Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies
  428. 360.Provisions as to financial emergency
  429. 361.Protection of President and Governors and Rajpramukhs
  430. 361A.Protection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures
  431. 361B.Disqualification for appointment on remunerative political post
  432. 363.Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc
  433. 363A.Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished
  434. 364.Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes
  435. 365.Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union
  436. 366.Definitions
  437. 367.Interpretation
  438. 368.Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor
  439. 369.Temporary power to Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List as if they were matters in the Concurrent List
  440. 370.Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir
  441. 371.Special provision with respect to the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat
  442. 371A.Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland
  443. 371B.Special provision with respect to the State of Assam
  444. 371C.Special provision with respect to the State of Manipur
  445. 371D.Special provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh
  446. 371E.Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh
  447. 371F.Special provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim
  448. 371G.Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram
  449. 371H.Special provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh
  450. 371I.Special provision with respect to the State of Goa
  451. 372.Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation
  452. 372A.Power of the President to adapt laws
  453. 373.Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases
  454. 374.Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council
  455. 375.Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution
  456. 376.Provisions as to Judges of High Courts
  457. 377.Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
  458. 378.Provisions as to Public Service Commissions
  459. 378A.Special provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
  460. 392.Power of the President to remove difficulties
  461. 393.Short title
  462. 394.Commencement
  463. 394A.Authoritative text in the Hindi language
  464. 395.Repeals

About Constitution of India

WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION